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Symbolic
Aspects of the Polytheistic
Roman Style
The
early-style Ancient Roman mosaic depictions of gods, which was characterized
by the incorporation of numerous gods, illustrate several symbols
applicable to the style as a whole. A significant symbol evident
in each of these images is the connection of the gods to the earth.
This is apparent with not only the physical connection of the mosaic
to the ground, for they were most commonly constructed in the floor,
but also with the earthy colors, worldly context, and lack of riches.
Since
the mosaics were actually physically attached to the ground, this
gives the image a strong connection to the earth. The gods were
portrayed as existing in the same environment as humans, as opposed
to mosaics constructed on ceilings, which would create an aura of
superiority accompanying the image. Though the figures were given
symbols of power, they were powerful in the real world, with a connection
to the earth and therefore a stronger unity with the people. They
could actually relate to a greater extent with the Roman civilians
who idolized them.
This
is also apparent in the images of Neptune in which he is placed
in a sea environment. Rather than connecting him to an other-worldly
scene, he is portrayed in the real world, in an environment that
is part of the human existence. His power stems from the apparent
ability to dominate over the powerful ocean, rather than simply
exist in a heavenly context looking down on the tempestuous sea.
In these
mosaics, duller, earthy colors are predominant. The significant
use of tans, browns, grays, earthy greens and yellows conveys a
more solemn, respectful feeling, and connects the gods with the
earth, rather than the heavens, which are commonly portrayed as
rich, gold-embossed environments. Rather, the gods seem to be presented
in the real world. Power does not seem to arise from richness in
the form of gold or jewelry; instead, it is evidenced by command,
respect, and boldness.
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